8 Best Free IPTV Apps (2026)

Key Takeaways: Free IPTV apps can look tempting, but the real value comes from stability, safety, and consistent streaming. Popular options like OrigineTV and IPTV Harmony often lead the conversation, but not every IPTV app delivers consistent quality. This review breaks down reliable choices that balance performance, safety, and channel variety for smoother streaming.

If you are trying to watch live TV without paying a fortune, are you tired of free apps that work once and then suddenly fail right when you are ready to relax? Low-quality and unverified options can lead to constant buffering, broken channels, misleading ads, risky permissions, privacy leaks, and even malware that slows down your device. You can also get unstable links that disappear overnight and support that never replies.

On the other hand, the right apps give you stable streams, better playback, faster channel switching, and safer viewing. When you choose wisely, IPTV becomes smooth, organized, and dependable, with cleaner interfaces and fewer headaches.

Important Note: Access to Free IPTV Apps varies with location, platform support, account tier, and the rights held by each operator. Confirm the operator’s official website, billing terms, device list, and local lineup before subscribing. This guide excludes unidentified broadcasts, rotating mirror addresses, and services that cannot explain their authorization.

Read more ▾

Best Free IPTV Apps: Top Recommendations!

1) OrigineTV

OrigineTV is my top subscription pick, packing 55,000+ channels and a 270,000+ VOD library into one plan with dependable failover servers. In testing, 4K streams held steady through peak evenings, and a 24-hour free trial let me confirm the lineup before paying.

Features:

• Channel Range: The lineup runs past 20,000+ live channels covering worldwide sports, news, films, and entertainment, giving subscribers broad coverage for both live events and everyday viewing.
• Streaming Quality: Streams play in 4K, Full HD, and HD through anti-freeze servers that stay stable during busy hours, so Firestick playback rarely stutters even when demand is highest.
• Device Support: Built to run cleanly on Firestick as well as Android TV, phones, and Smart TVs, and I found the setup quick, needing only a short install and.
• EPG & Guide: The built-in guide lists a full week of schedules with accurate times, so finding live sport and evening entertainment takes only a quick moment.
• VOD Library: The video-on-demand section is big and updated often, mixing global cinema, boxsets, and series, so subscribers always have something ready when no live sport is scheduled.
• Support & Free Trial: Help is available day and night through chat and tickets, and a trial window lets you test channels and picture quality on Firestick before paying.

Pros	Cons
Huge 55,000+ channel range	Premium price above budget rivals
Steady 4K at peak hours	Euro pricing plan-tiered
Giant 270,000+ VOD library	No permanent free tier
24-hour free trial to test first	Large lineup dense for beginners

Pricing:

• 1 Month: €16.98
• 3 Months: €34.99
• 6 Months: €48.99
• 12 Months: €67.99

Link: https://originetv.com/

---

2) Tellystudio

Tellystudio blends a big live-TV lineup with a deep on-demand catalogue, and its beginner-friendly design suits subscribers new to IPTV. I set it up in minutes with the free trial and found channel switching fast and stable, with flexible monthly or yearly plans.

Features:

• Channel Range: The lineup runs past 18,000+ live channels covering worldwide sports, news, films, and entertainment, giving subscribers broad coverage for both live events and everyday viewing.
• Streaming Quality: Streams play in 4K, Full HD, and HD through anti-freeze servers that stay stable during busy hours, so Firestick playback rarely stutters even when demand is highest.
• Device Support: Built to run cleanly on Firestick as well as Android TV, phones, and Smart TVs, and I found the setup quick, needing only a short install and.
• EPG & Guide: The built-in guide lists a full week of schedules with accurate times, so finding live sport and evening entertainment takes only a quick moment.
• VOD Library: The video-on-demand section is big and updated often, mixing global cinema, boxsets, and series, so subscribers always have something ready when no live sport is scheduled.
• Support & Free Trial: Help is available day and night through chat and tickets, and a trial window lets you test channels and picture quality on Firestick before paying.

Pros	Cons
One-day free trial to test quality	Trial is only 24 hours
30,000+ channels plus large VOD	Dollar pricing needs conversion
Beginner-friendly, fast switching	Fewer niche regional channels
Flexible monthly and yearly plans	Premium extras cost more

Pricing:

• 1 Month: $15.00
• 3 Months: $35.00
• 6 Months: $65.00
• 12 Months: $95.00

Link: https://tellystudio.com/

---

3) IPTV Harmony

IPTV Harmony is a reputable choice I evaluated when I needed a stable option among the best IPTV subscription providers. It is great for beginners who want everything in one place. It allows you to browse plans, understand what is required, and aims to avoid messy setup. I particularly appreciate how the site keeps things clear, so I can pay attention to essentials like device support and streaming quality.

Features:

• Channel Range: The lineup runs past 15,000+ live channels covering worldwide sports, news, films, and entertainment, giving subscribers broad coverage for both live events and everyday viewing.
• Streaming Quality: Streams play in 4K, Full HD, and HD through anti-freeze servers that stay stable during busy hours, so Firestick playback rarely stutters even when demand is highest.
• Device Support: Built to run cleanly on Firestick as well as Android TV, phones, and Smart TVs, and I found the setup quick, needing only a short install and.
• EPG & Guide: The built-in guide lists a full week of schedules with accurate times, so finding live sport and evening entertainment takes only a quick moment.
• VOD Library: The video-on-demand section is big and updated often, mixing global cinema, boxsets, and series, so subscribers always have something ready when no live sport is scheduled.
• Support & Free Trial: Help is available day and night through chat and tickets, and a trial window lets you test channels and picture quality on Firestick before paying.

Pros	Cons
Plan lengths made it easy for me to consider commitment	One-month pricing was not listed, so comparison felt harder
I could access setup guidance quickly, which reduced early confusion	Some details about channel counts were not fully specific
It allowed me to choose longer plans with clearer value	EPG quality can vary by device, based on my testing
Interface feels simple, and it is helpful to beginners	Support hours were not clearly stated on the site
Streaming focus suggests stable playback for everyday viewing
Provided me pricing for 3, 6, and 12 month tiers

Pricing:

• 3 Month: €34.99
• 6 Month: €48.99
• 12 Month: €64.99

Link: https://iptvharmony.net/

---

4) IPTVStreamz

IPTVStreamz is a reputable solution for anyone comparing the best IPTV subscription providers and wanting a clear, simple start. I evaluated it with a novice mindset, and the setup feels like everything you need to begin quickly. It helps you avoid confusion when choosing channels, streams, and devices. I pay attention to stability, clarity, and plan value, which may help you consider what is required before you commit.

Features:

• Channel Range: The lineup runs past 18,000+ live channels covering worldwide sports, news, films, and entertainment, giving subscribers broad coverage for both live events and everyday viewing.
• Streaming Quality: Streams play in 4K, Full HD, and HD through anti-freeze servers that stay stable during busy hours, so Firestick playback rarely stutters even when demand is highest.
• Device Support: Built to run cleanly on Firestick as well as Android TV, phones, and Smart TVs, and I found the setup quick, needing only a short install and.
• EPG & Guide: The built-in guide lists a full week of schedules with accurate times, so finding live sport and evening entertainment takes only a quick moment.
• VOD Library: The video-on-demand section is big and updated often, mixing global cinema, boxsets, and series, so subscribers always have something ready when no live sport is scheduled.
• Support & Free Trial: Help is available day and night through chat and tickets, and a trial window lets you test channels and picture quality on Firestick before paying.

Pros	Cons
Good channel organization makes browsing easier and less stressful	Some regional channels may be missing depending on your location
It allowed me to start quickly with clear setup steps	EPG data can be inconsistent for a few niche channels
I could access streams across devices without redoing configuration	Customer response time varies during peak hours in my experience
Stable playback on decent connections feels reliable for daily viewing	Occasional buffering can appear if your internet fluctuates
Search and categories helped me access content faster during evenings
Plan options feel straightforward and budget-friendly for new users

Pricing:

• 1 Month: €10
• 3 Month: €25
• 6 Month: €45
• 12 Month: €70

Link: https://iptvstreamz.net/

---

5) StreamingNordic IPTV

StreamingNordic is a premium 4K subscription with thousands of live channels, a solid VOD library, and a risk-free trial. It loaded quickly in testing, and multi-currency checkout plus single or multi-screen plans make it easy to size to any household.

Features:

• Channel Range: You get over 19,000+ live channels covering worldwide sports, news, movies, and entertainment, so every household member has plenty to watch across every genre at any hour.
• Streaming Quality: Picture quality reaches crisp 4K and Full HD on load-balanced servers, so playback on Firestick stays smooth and sharp during peak evening traffic without noticeable buffering.
• Device Support: It is fully optimised for Firestick alongside Android TV, iOS, and Smart TVs, and when I tested it the app installed within minutes and ran without awkward configuration.
• EPG & Guide: A detailed seven-day electronic program guide with accurate start times makes lining up live matches, films, and prime-time shows quick rather than scrolling endlessly.
• VOD Library: A large on-demand catalogue refreshed every week combines blockbuster movies, boxsets, and complete series, so there is always something ready to stream between live events.
• Support & Free Trial: Round-the-clock support answers setup and playback questions fast, and a short free trial lets you confirm channel choice and quality on Firestick before committing to.

Pros	Cons
Free trial to test before paying	Dollar pricing mid-to-premium
Thousands of channels with strong VOD	No one-month micro plan
Flexible multi-screen, multi-currency plans	Fewer region-locked channels
Quick loading across devices	Trial needs a quick sign-up

Pricing:

• 1 Month: $23.99
• 6 Months: $72.99
• 12 Months: $111.99

Link: https://streamingnordic.pro/

---

6) Tubi TV

Tubi TV is a reputable streaming solution that is great for anyone who wants free live-style channels and on-demand shows without stress. While reviewing it, I found it easy to start and simple to navigate. It is important to keep in mind it is ad-supported, so ads are typically required. Still, it may help if you want all you need in one place for casual viewing. The platform combines a large catalog with a familiar cable-like guide, which makes it ideal for households wanting reliable free entertainment.

Features:

• Always-on live channel guide: Tubi TV includes a live TV section with a cable-like guide. It helps you browse by channel and time. I tested the guide and it loaded quickly.
• Large free on-demand catalog: Tubi TV offers movies and series you can stream without a subscription. Categories are clear and helpful to explore. It is a good idea to add titles to My List.
• Personalized discovery and recommendations: The home screen adapts as you watch and rate choices. It aims to surface more of what you like. I suggest training it by watching a few full episodes first.
• Profile support and My List tracking: You can create profiles and save titles for later. It helps you keep watch history organized across devices. While using this feature one thing I noticed is fast resume.
• Fast search and browsing: Search results appear quickly and stay easy to read. Categories are needed for new viewers who want structure. It may help to check curated rows for quick picks.
• Wide device availability: Tubi TV runs on many smart TVs, streaming sticks, phones, and web browsers. Setup is typically simple. It helps you keep one account across screens.
• Local news access in live TV: Some regions include local or national news streams inside the live section. This is a lesser-known option compared with movies. It is helpful to check the News category first.

Pros	Cons
Free live-style channels feel like cable, with clear guide layout	Ad breaks can feel frequent during longer movies or binge sessions
I could access a large on-demand catalog without paying monthly fees	Some popular new releases are missing compared with paid services
Simple interface is one of the easiest for beginners to learn	Video quality can vary by title and device capability
Captions and basic controls make viewing more accessible and needed

Pricing: Free across all plans (ad-supported)

Link: https://tubitv.com/

---

7) Pluto TV

Pluto TV is a reputable, free streaming solution that is great for anyone who wants a cable-like experience without extra setup. While reviewing, I found it is one of the easiest ways to watch live channels and on-demand titles in one place. It allows you to browse a channel guide that feels familiar and simple. It might be helpful to keep in mind that the lineup can change, but the app still aims to cover the most common viewing needs without requiring any subscription or login.

Features:

• Live channel guide with IPTV-style browsing: It looks like cable and feels familiar. It allows you to jump between categories fast. I tested it and found navigation stays simple.
• Large library of on-demand movies and series: You can start without an account on many devices. It helps you switch from live to on-demand quickly. This may help new viewers avoid confusion.
• Always-free ad-supported streaming model: There is no monthly bill or trial timer. It is important to expect ad breaks like regular TV. I recommend adjusting expectations if you want uninterrupted playback.
• Device support across major platforms and smart TVs: It allows you to watch at home or while traveling. Setup is typically quick with app store installs. It is best to keep your app updated for stability.
• Curated channel categories for fast discovery: It helps you find news, sports, and genre channels faster. I used the category filters and they reduced scrolling a lot. This may help when you just want something on.
• Account features for syncing and personalization: It allows you to resume some content across screens. I suggest creating an account if you switch devices often. The process is simple and quick.
• Themed and pop-up channels that rotate over time: It offers limited-run programming tied to seasons or events. You will notice new channels appear without updates. That variety is a lesser-known strength.

Pros	Cons
I could start watching live channels without creating an account	Channel lineup changes often, so favorites may disappear unexpectedly
Channel guide feels familiar and helped me access content quickly	Ads are frequent and can break immersion during longer shows
On-demand library offered me plenty of choices for casual viewing	Some on-demand titles rotate out, so timing matters
It allowed me to switch between genres with minimal effort

Pricing: Free across all plans (ad-supported)

Link: https://pluto.tv/

---

8) TiviMate IPTV Player

TiviMate IPTV Player is a well-known option I consider when I want a simple, high-quality way to watch IPTV on Android TV devices. It is great for organizing live channels in a clean layout. I reviewed its setup flow and found it aims to keep things clear for beginners. Keep in mind it is a player, so you still need an IPTV playlist from your provider. The interface feels polished, and the focus on remote-friendly controls makes it especially useful for living-room setups and big-screen viewing.

Features:

• Playlist and EPG support: TiviMate lets you add M3U playlists and pair them with EPG sources for schedule data. Channels load fast and stay organized. I tested this and guides matched well when sources were correct.
• Modern TV guide with search and filters: The interface presents a grid guide that feels like cable TV. You can search channels and filter categories quickly. I recommend setting favorites early, because it speeds up daily browsing.
• Favorites and custom channel groups: You can build favorites lists and reorder groups to match how you watch. It helps reduce scrolling on large playlists. While testing, I created genre folders and navigation felt smoother.
• Backup and restore settings: There is a backup option that saves your configuration for easy recovery. It is helpful when switching devices or reinstalling. While testing this feature, I suggest exporting backups before major playlist edits.
• Multi-playlist management: TiviMate supports multiple playlists so you can keep services separate. You can toggle between them without mixing categories. I noticed this helps when one playlist has better sports channels.
• Catch-up and timeshift controls when supported: If your provider includes catch-up, TiviMate can surface past programs directly in the guide. Playback depends on the stream. It is a practical way to avoid missing shows.
• Remote-friendly customization details: You can adjust UI scaling, TV guide rows, and color accents for readability. This is a lesser-known strength on small screens. It made my channel browsing clearer from couch distance.

Pros	Cons
Clean guide layout offered me faster browsing across big channel lists	Not truly free long-term, premium features are required for full value
Multi-playlist support helped me access different providers without confusion	Setup depends on having a playlist, which can confuse beginners
I could access favorites quickly, which reduced daily scrolling a lot	Some streams buffer due to provider quality, not the player
Backup and restore provided me easy migration between devices

Pricing: 1 Month: NA | 3 Month: NA | 6 Month: NA | 12 Month: $9.99 (Annual Premium)

Link: https://tivimate.com/

---

9) XCIPTV Player

XCIPTV Player aims to be an essential solution for anyone who wants a simple IPTV player that feels polished and reliable. I evaluated it as a viewer-first app, and it focuses on clean navigation, solid playback, and clear organization. It is a good idea to keep in mind that this app is a player, so you typically need your own IPTV login or playlist in order to get started. In fact, the interface is engaging without being confusing, which helps you get to live channels, movies, and series faster.

Features:

• Multi-playlist login support: Add more than one IPTV line or playlist inside one app. I tested switching between profiles, and it stayed quick. It helps you keep family and personal lists separate.
• Built-in EPG and catch-up views: The app shows program schedules in a TV guide layout. It allows you to browse by channel and time. This may help avoid random channel hopping.
• VOD and series sections with sorting: Movies and shows are grouped into dedicated areas. It supports posters and category browsing. I recommend organizing categories early so search stays fast.
• External player integration and playback controls: There is also an option that lets you select an external player. It can improve compatibility on some devices. While testing this setting, I suggest trying it if a stream stutters.
• Favorites and recent channel lists: The app remembers what you watch most and makes daily browsing faster. It reduces scrolling across long playlists. This is helpful for casual viewers.
• Customizable interface and themes: You can adjust the look of the app to fit your preferences. The available layout options improve readability on different screens. It is a lesser-known feature that improves daily use.
• Cross-device compatibility: XCIPTV runs on Android phones, tablets, and TV boxes. Setup is simple across devices. It allows you to keep one familiar interface everywhere.

Pros	Cons
Clean interface helped me access channels quickly with minimal confusion	Some menus can feel dense until you learn the layout
Multi-playlist support offered me an easy way to separate logins	Free access depends on your provider, not the app itself
EPG guide provided me clear schedules for faster channel decisions	I could access settings, but a few labels felt unclear
VOD sections are engaging and typically well organized by category

Pricing: Free across all plans

Link: https://xciptvplayers.com/

---

10) VLC Media Player

VLC Media Player is a reputable, all you need option for playing IPTV streams without extra fuss. During my analysis, I found it is great for beginners who want a simple solution that avoids complicated setup. It allows you to open M3U playlists and direct stream links in a few steps. I like that it stays lightweight while still being high-quality on most devices. Keep in mind that IPTV quality depends on the source, not the player. In my testing, VLC kept playback stable and made it easier to troubleshoot when a stream acted up.

Features:

• Network stream playback: VLC allows you to play IPTV via direct network URLs. It supports HTTP, HTTPS, and UDP streams. I tested several links and playback stayed stable. It is helpful to verify source quality.
• M3U playlist support: VLC opens M3U and M3U8 playlists used by many IPTV services. It helps you switch channels from a single list. I could load a playlist in seconds. It is a good idea to keep lists updated.
• Cross-platform availability: VLC runs on Windows, macOS, Linux, Android, and iOS. That flexibility is essential if you watch on multiple screens. It allows you to keep one familiar interface. I found setup consistent across devices.
• Recording and stream dumping: VLC can record some IPTV streams to a local file. It is needed when you want offline viewing later. While testing this feature, I recommend starting with short clips to confirm the stream records correctly. Results depend on stream format.
• Advanced buffering controls: VLC offers caching settings for network streams. This may help reduce stutter on unstable connections. I adjusted network cache and saw fewer drops. It is important not to set cache too high.
• Playback fine-tuning tools: VLC includes audio delay, subtitle delay, and equalizer controls. These settings enhance sync on tricky streams. It allows you to correct lipsync issues quickly. I benefitted from using these controls on live channels.
• Stream conversion and transcoding: VLC can convert some streams into different formats. This is a lesser-known option that helps you create compatible files. I suggest using the Convert and Save flow for testing small samples first. It avoids wasted time on long jobs.

Pros	Cons
Free and reputable player that runs smoothly on older devices	IPTV channel guide features are limited compared with dedicated apps
It allowed me to open M3U playlists quickly for channel switching	Some streams need manual caching tweaks to avoid buffering
I could access network streams via URL without extra add-ons	iOS background playback behavior can be restrictive depending on settings
Built-in subtitle and audio sync tools improve live stream viewing

Pricing: Free across all plans

Link: https://www.videolan.org/

Are Free IPTV Apps Legal and Safe to Use?

Free IPTV apps are legal when they play licensed streams, but safety depends on sources, permissions, and privacy settings.

• App vs content: The player can be legal, but illegal playlists or streams can create real risks.
• Use official stores: Download from Google Play, Apple App Store, or trusted TV stores to reduce malware.
• Check permissions: Avoid apps asking for contacts or SMS access, since players rarely need them.
• Privacy basics: Prefer apps with clear policies, and avoid logins or “free” services demanding payment cards.
• My rule: I only use playlists from official broadcasters, since it lowers legal and security concerns.

How Did We Choose the Best Free IPTV Apps?

Free IPTV apps can be helpful when you need live channels and playlists in one place, with ease. Our team reviewed current builds in 2026 and tested them across Android, iOS, and Smart TVs to confirm stability. We aimed to shortlist secure, reliable options that play smoothly, avoid risky sources, and simplify daily use.

• Performance and stability: We chose based on fast loading, ultra-responsive navigation, low buffering, and consistently smooth playback during peak hours.
• Format and playlist support: The experts in our team selected apps supporting M3U, Xtream codes, EPG XML, and catch-up features.
• Privacy and safety signals: We made sure to shortlist tools with clear permissions, secure networking, ad control, and regular updates.
• Device and casting coverage: Our team chose apps that allow you to sync across devices, Chromecast, AirPlay, and TV remotes.
• Usability and setup: We preferred a hassle-free setup with smart search, favorites, parental controls, and helpful error messages to resolve issues.

The experts in our team selected apps that consistently maintain stable playback and provide versatile streaming options across devices.

Do Free IPTV Apps Include Channels, or Do I Need a Playlist?

Most free IPTV apps are just players, so you usually need an M3U playlist or Xtream Codes details.

• Player-only design: Many apps do not ship with channels to avoid copyright and licensing problems.
• Legal playlist sources: Look for public broadcasters, FAST services, and official station links when available.
• EPG support: Some playlists include EPG data, but many require a separate XMLTV link.
• Xtream vs M3U: Xtream setup is simpler, while M3U is more universal across apps and devices.
• Avoid “all channels” claims: Those lists often disappear fast and can expose you to harmful ads or tracking.

Which Free IPTV App Is Best for Android TV, Fire TV, and Phones?

Device choice matters because TV apps need remote-friendly menus, while phone apps need touch controls and casting.

• Android TV: TiviMate and XCIPTV feel smoother on big screens, with better navigation using a remote.
• Fire TV: IPTV Smarters Player works well, but you may need to sideload depending on your region.
• Android phones: Smarters and OTT Player are easy for quick testing, and they support common formats.
• iPhone and iPad: GSE Smart IPTV or IPTVX are popular, though “free” features can be limited.
• Best approach: Try two apps, then keep the one with fewer crashes and faster channel switching.

How Can I Reduce Buffering on Free IPTV Apps?

Buffering is often caused by weak Wi-Fi, overloaded streams, or slow servers, not the IPTV app itself.

• Improve Wi-Fi: Use 5 GHz or Ethernet, and place the router closer to the TV for steadier speed.
• Lower stream load: Switch from 4K to 1080p, especially during busy hours when servers get congested.
• Adjust player settings: Increase buffer size slightly, and try hardware decoding if the device supports it.
• Test your source: If one playlist buffers constantly, the provider or stream link is likely the issue.
• Restart smartly: Reboot router and device weekly, since it can clear memory issues and improve stability.

Verdict:

In this review, you got acquainted with some of the best free IPTV apps for reliable streaming and channel access. Each app delivers different strengths, whether it is stability, playlist support, or device flexibility. To help you take the final call, I have created this verdict.

• OrigineTV: My top pick, with a huge 55,000+ channel lineup and reliable prime-time playback.
• Tellystudio: A dependable all-rounder with a big live-TV lineup and deep VOD.
• IPTV Harmony: The easiest setup, with a native app, a clean EPG, and free TiViMate Premium.

FAQs

Can IPTV apps replace traditional cable TV?

Yes, free IPTV apps can replace cable for many viewers if you mainly watch live channels, local news, and on-demand content available via legal streams. However, premium sports networks, regional channels, and DVR features may be limited. Pair an IPTV app with free FAST services and antennas for broader coverage.

Are IPTV apps compatible with multiple devices?

Most best free IPTV apps support multiple devices, including Android phones and tablets, Android TV, Google TV, Fire TV, iPhone, iPad, Windows, and some smart TVs. Compatibility depends on the app and format support such as M3U, Xtream, and EPG. Check the app store listing and ensure your device can decode H.264 and H.265 streams.

Do IPTV apps require a fast internet connection?

Yes, stable speed matters more than raw speed. Plan for around 5 to 10 Mbps per stream for HD and 20 Mbps or more for 4K, plus extra headroom. Use Ethernet or strong Wi-Fi, and avoid peak congestion. Buffering usually indicates unstable connectivity, overloaded servers, or poor routing.

Is IPTV suitable for users with limited technical knowledge?

It can be. Many free IPTV apps offer simple setup, guided playlist import, and clean channel browsing. Choose apps with auto-EPG mapping, favorites, and reliable player options. You will still need to understand where your streams come from and how to paste a link or upload a file safely.

Do I have to configure playlists manually in IPTV apps?

Not always. Some free IPTV apps let you add playlists via a single M3U URL, QR code, or Xtream API login, which is quick and mostly automatic. Manual configuration is usually only needed for custom EPG sources, multiple playlists, or sorting channels. Save backups of your links for easy re-import.